Johnson

refers to Van Helde's kick--> iconoclast¹ (123)

CNBB--> images treated as a hermeneutic mnemonic device² (123)

Africaness--> awareness of the deep knowledge of the "double-faced pantheon."³ (125)

⁴Nossa Senhora Aparecida--> image of Virgin Mary as a National Face (125)

"In Brazil, Nossa Senhora Aparecida bears within her not only the issue of religion in the public space and the "problem"... of her public appearance in a country where religion is constitutionally disestablished in the public sphere, but also the issue of race and the ritualized face of Afro-Brazilians."⁵ (125)

NSA--> always dark brown until recently regarded as black. (points out in note 10 that in Brazil negro is preffered term to preto)⁶ (125)

"discovery" of Aparecida statue in 1717 ⁷(125-127)

1822 NSA made patron saint of Brazil. Provide a distinct identiy from Portuguese crown. Sanctioned by Vatican in 1930⁸ (127)

Vargas promotion of Catholicism and NSA iconic colour seen to promote the myth of 3 races...nationalised by construction of Basilica⁹ (127-128)

NSA made highest general of Brazilian Army---virgin face of "Catholic Brazil" rather than the church¹⁰ (129)

1980 October 12 made national holiday to coincide with JP II visit¹¹ (129)

claims SVH incident as "an attempt to redefine public space in the nation as a whole."¹² (129)

"neo-Pentecostal groups...have seen icons as symbolic sites to contest the notion of a Catholic Brazil."¹³ (130)

SVH sought to link image with Biblical injunction against idolatry--footnotes SVH claim that he touched rather than hit the icon; protest against NSA holiday; part of a conflict between Globo and Record Network¹⁴ (131)

Macedo's claim that Globo had previously desecrated the Bible¹⁵ (132)

Role of Globo in massifying the event, strategy to present Record/IURD as foreign¹⁶ (132)

SVH demoted ¹⁷(132)

IURD: criticised SVH but maintained principle: 1) icons evil 2) Catholics not real Christians 3) Brazil should not celebrate Catholic holidays¹⁸ (133)

violent backlash against IURD and fervour for the virgin¹⁹ (133)

refers to the surprising alliance between the RCC and ABR as part of a celebration of the anniversary of Zumbi around NSA who became black.²⁰ (135-138) surprising because the virgin "represented the face of the enslaving (the colony) and then the policing (the Monarchy, the Republic) state." ²¹(137)

1P Johnson, “Kicking, Stripping, and Re-Dressing a Saint in Black: Visions of Public Space in Brazil's Recent Holy War,” History of Religions 37:2 (1997), 122–140, 123

2P Johnson, “Kicking, Stripping, and Re-Dressing a Saint in Black: Visions of Public Space in Brazil's Recent Holy War,” History of Religions 37:2 (1997), 122–140, 123.

3P Johnson, “Kicking, Stripping, and Re-Dressing a Saint in Black: Visions of Public Space in Brazil's Recent Holy War,” History of Religions 37:2 (1997), 122–140, 125.

4P Johnson, “Kicking, Stripping, and Re-Dressing a Saint in Black: Visions of Public Space in Brazil's Recent Holy War,” History of Religions 37:2 (1997), 122–140, 125.

5P Johnson, “Kicking, Stripping, and Re-Dressing a Saint in Black: Visions of Public Space in Brazil's Recent Holy War,” History of Religions 37:2 (1997), 122–140, 125.

6P Johnson, “Kicking, Stripping, and Re-Dressing a Saint in Black: Visions of Public Space in Brazil's Recent Holy War,” History of Religions 37:2 (1997), 122–140, 125.

7P Johnson, “Kicking, Stripping, and Re-Dressing a Saint in Black: Visions of Public Space in Brazil's Recent Holy War,” History of Religions 37:2 (1997), 122–140, 125–127.

8P Johnson, “Kicking, Stripping, and Re-Dressing a Saint in Black: Visions of Public Space in Brazil's Recent Holy War,” History of Religions 37:2 (1997), 122–140, 127.

9P Johnson, “Kicking, Stripping, and Re-Dressing a Saint in Black: Visions of Public Space in Brazil's Recent Holy War,” History of Religions 37:2 (1997), 122–140, 127–128.

10P Johnson, “Kicking, Stripping, and Re-Dressing a Saint in Black: Visions of Public Space in Brazil's Recent Holy War,” History of Religions 37:2 (1997), 122–140, 129.

11P Johnson, “Kicking, Stripping, and Re-Dressing a Saint in Black: Visions of Public Space in Brazil's Recent Holy War,” History of Religions 37:2 (1997), 122–140, 129.

12P Johnson, “Kicking, Stripping, and Re-Dressing a Saint in Black: Visions of Public Space in Brazil's Recent Holy War,” History of Religions 37:2 (1997), 122–140, 129.

13P Johnson, “Kicking, Stripping, and Re-Dressing a Saint in Black: Visions of Public Space in Brazil's Recent Holy War,” History of Religions 37:2 (1997), 122–140, 130.

14P Johnson, “Kicking, Stripping, and Re-Dressing a Saint in Black: Visions of Public Space in Brazil's Recent Holy War,” History of Religions 37:2 (1997), 122–140, 131.

15P Johnson, “Kicking, Stripping, and Re-Dressing a Saint in Black: Visions of Public Space in Brazil's Recent Holy War,” History of Religions 37:2 (1997), 122–140, 132.

16P Johnson, “Kicking, Stripping, and Re-Dressing a Saint in Black: Visions of Public Space in Brazil's Recent Holy War,” History of Religions 37:2 (1997), 122–140, 132.

17P Johnson, “Kicking, Stripping, and Re-Dressing a Saint in Black: Visions of Public Space in Brazil's Recent Holy War,” History of Religions 37:2 (1997), 122–140, 132.

18P Johnson, “Kicking, Stripping, and Re-Dressing a Saint in Black: Visions of Public Space in Brazil's Recent Holy War,” History of Religions 37:2 (1997), 122–140, 133.

19P Johnson, “Kicking, Stripping, and Re-Dressing a Saint in Black: Visions of Public Space in Brazil's Recent Holy War,” History of Religions 37:2 (1997), 122–140, 133.

20P Johnson, “Kicking, Stripping, and Re-Dressing a Saint in Black: Visions of Public Space in Brazil's Recent Holy War,” History of Religions 37:2 (1997), 122–140, 135–138.

21P Johnson, “Kicking, Stripping, and Re-Dressing a Saint in Black: Visions of Public Space in Brazil's Recent Holy War,” History of Religions 37:2 (1997), 122–140, 137.