Troch

claims that in Brazil dance, music, religion, football and carnival cannot be separated¹ (55)

Candomble described as a religion of black brazilians charactarised by meals offered to saints² (55 note 1)

o

gives some interesting statistics and background information about Brazil ³(56-57)

" A characteristic of Brazil is its melting pot of cultures. There is no original Brazilian culture....Brazilians are proud that they have no dominant or minority cultures." ⁴(57)

o

refers to urban violence⁵ (57-58)

o

"Corporality is central in the emotional world of the Brazilian."⁶ (58) expressed not only in music but in cosmetic surgery and fitness centres⁷ (58)

o

"The influence of the process of globalisation is very great in this extremely bureaucratic country with its daily political and financial scandals."⁸ (58)

o

"religion is no longer rooted in family or tradition for Brazilians." ⁹(59)

"At this moment we see a clear change from the classical historic churches towards more recently constructed forms of belief like New Age, the Pentecostal and Neo-Pentecostal churches, towards the Afro-Brazilian religions like Candomble, Macumba and Umbanda."¹⁰ (59)

"In Brazil we speak of a double movement: 1st there is a construction of new religious movements with new doctrines as a consequence of the mixture of earlier religious forms and traditions; 2nd great numbers of faithful simultaneously are active in two different religions." ¹¹(59)

rejects the term syncretism; preferring 'macro-ecumenics' ¹²(59)

o

claims that social class is decisive for change with Umbanda, New Age and Neo-Pentecostals attracting middle and upper class people, and Pentecostalism being more significant amongst the poor ¹³(60)

emphasises the quest for personal healing, linking this to a postmodern concern for individual well-being in an urban culture. (¹⁴60)

o

claims that a similar exodus as that in the Roman Catholic Church is taking place in the Protestant churches ¹⁵(61)

claims that the middle class are being lost to secularization; and the poor in Pentecostalism ¹⁶

1 L Troch, 'Ecclesiogenesis: the Patchwork of New Religious Communities in Brazil' Exchange 33:1 (2004), 54–72, 55.

2 L Troch, 'Ecclesiogenesis: the Patchwork of New Religious Communities in Brazil' Exchange 33:1 (2004), 54–72, 55 footnote 1.

3 L Troch, 'Ecclesiogenesis: the Patchwork of New Religious Communities in Brazil' Exchange 33:1 (2004), 54–72, 56-57.

4 L Troch, 'Ecclesiogenesis: the Patchwork of New Religious Communities in Brazil' Exchange 33:1 (2004), 54–72, 57.

5 L Troch, 'Ecclesiogenesis: the Patchwork of New Religious Communities in Brazil' Exchange 33:1 (2004), 54–72, 57–58.

6 L Troch, 'Ecclesiogenesis: the Patchwork of New Religious Communities in Brazil' Exchange 33:1 (2004), 54–72, 58.

7 L Troch, 'Ecclesiogenesis: the Patchwork of New Religious Communities in Brazil' Exchange 33:1 (2004), 54–72, 58.

8 L Troch, 'Ecclesiogenesis: the Patchwork of New Religious Communities in Brazil' Exchange 33:1 (2004), 54–72, 58.

9 L Troch, 'Ecclesiogenesis: the Patchwork of New Religious Communities in Brazil' Exchange 33:1 (2004), 54–72, 59.

10 L Troch, 'Ecclesiogenesis: the Patchwork of New Religious Communities in Brazil' Exchange 33:1 (2004), 54–72, 59.

11 L Troch, 'Ecclesiogenesis: the Patchwork of New Religious Communities in Brazil' Exchange 33:1 (2004), 54–72, 59.

12 L Troch, 'Ecclesiogenesis: the Patchwork of New Religious Communities in Brazil' Exchange 33:1 (2004), 54–72, 59.

13 L Troch, 'Ecclesiogenesis: the Patchwork of New Religious Communities in Brazil' Exchange 33:1 (2004), 54–72, 60.

14 L Troch, 'Ecclesiogenesis: the Patchwork of New Religious Communities in Brazil' Exchange 33:1 (2004), 54–72, 60.

15 L Troch, 'Ecclesiogenesis: the Patchwork of New Religious Communities in Brazil' Exchange 33:1 (2004), 54–72, 61.

16 L Troch, 'Ecclesiogenesis: the Patchwork of New Religious Communities in Brazil' Exchange 33:1 (2004), 54–72, 61.